Micropropagation is a technology that has developed within the past 30 years. Micropropagation of cyrtopodium paludicolum orchidaceae from. Studies on the tissue culture of apple have allowed for molecular, biotechnological. Pdf micropropagation of eucalyptus benthamii to form a clonal. During micropropagation both somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis. A high level of auxin to cytokinin is root promoting, where the. Shoot culture 9most widely used method for commercial micropropagation 9relatively high genetic stability in the plants produced shoot culture advantages 9reliable rates and consistency of shoot multiplication 93 8 fold multiplication rate per month 9preexisting meristems are least susceptible to genetic changes micropropagation stages stage 0. Of these, relatively high concentration of ba with low concentration of naa was found to be the best for shoot regeneration islam et al. The mantled abnormality is considered as a form of somaclonal variation. Forest tree species have been micropropagated in vitro for nearly 50 years. Challenges of date palm micropropagation include long in vitro cycle, latent. The development of an efficient oil palm micropropagation protocol is needed to keep up. Effective in vitro micropropagation and callus induction aid plant material production. Replating is a form of micropropagation and so is done in the aseptic 1 conditions mentioned earlier.
Clonal propagation refers to the process of asexual reproduction by multiplication of genetically identical copies of individual plants, where the term clone is used to represent a plant population. Read this article to learn about the techniques, factors, applications and disadvantages of micro propagation process and also about production of diseasefree plants and its merits and demerits. Plant tissue culture environment as a switchkey of epigenetic. The in vivo clonal propagation is often difficult, expensive and even unsuccessful. Micropropagation of an eucalyptus hybrid eucalyptus benthamii x. In vitro tissue culture of apple and other malus species. Micropropagation and callus induction of lantana camara l. The majority of magnolias are an evergreen species of tree with a graceful form and abundant blooms, typically grown in gardens. Pdf micropropagation of the pistachio and its rootstocks by. After four weeks of culture, all explant types failed to form multiple shoots on a growth. Micropropagation and production of camptothecin form in vitro plants of. By altaf hussain, iqbal ahmed qarshi, hummera nazir and ikram ullah. Micropropagation and production of camptothecin form in vitro. Chapter2 micropropagation and large scale culture of c.
Plants can be propagated by sexual through generation of seeds or asexual through multiplication of vegetative parts means. In the most favorable situations, some undifferentiated cells of these calli. Establishment of an in vitro micropropagation protocol for boscia. Another form of micropropagation is seed sowing which is the first step in the development of an orchid plant. Micropropagation of strawberry fragaria x ananassa duch. An orchid plant will be on average replated 56 times before being planted out. Micropropagation is labour intensive involving manual handling at 3 or 4 stages. This report describes in vitro micropropagation of boscia senegalensis, socalled. Micropropagation plants can be propagated by sexual through generation of seeds or asexual through multiplication of vegetative parts means. Multiplication of genetically identical copies of a cultivar by asexual reproduction is called clonal propagation. Plants also form a protective epicuticular wax layer over the surface of. Establishment of an in vitro micropropagation protocol for boscia senegalensis pers. The prodigious advantages of in vitro aseptic technique of clonal propagation i. High frequency regeneration protocol for dendrobium nobile.